Nuclear weapons pose an existential threat to humanity, capable of causing catastrophic destruction on a scale unimaginable in any other form of warfare. The atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki in 1945 resulted in immediate mass casualties, long-term radiation effects, and intergenerational health impacts. Beyond these historical cases, nuclear testing has caused widespread environmental contamination and disproportionately affected marginalized communities, indigenous populations, and the Global South.